Early Animators

Georges Melies 

 Georges Melies was an illusionist and film director, famous for leading technical and narrative developments in the early cinema days. He was a french film director and was famous for many of his films. One of his famous films in 1902 'Le Voyage Dans la Lun', translates to 'A Trip to the Moon'. He was Born 8th December 1861 and Died 21st January 1938.

Winsor Mccoy 

 Winsor Mccoy was an cartoonist and animator. He was Born September 26th 1869 and Died July 26th 1934.  'Winsor was a quick, prolific, and technically dextrous artist'. He was best known for his comic strip Little Nemo (1905-14) and his animated film Gertie the Dinosaur (1914). 

Lotte Reiniger

Lotte Reiniger was a German film director and the best pioneer of silhouette animation, She was Born 2nd June 1899 and Died 19th June 1981. Her best known film was The Adventures of Prince Achmed. She made more than 40 films over her career, all using silhouette animation. Silhouette animation is often created in black and white, with either a black paper or cardboard silhouette on a white backdrop, or a white silhouette on a black backdrop.

Animation Devices

Zoetrope

William George Horner had created the zoetrope in 1834.

The zeotrope can be viewed by several people at the same time.The sequence of pictures depicting phases of motion is on a paper strip, for viewing this is placed against the inner surface of the lower part of an open-topped metal drum, the upper part of which is provided with a vertical viewing slit across from each picture.

Phenakistoscope

Joseph Plateau had created the phenakistoscope in 1831.
Phenakistoscope had two discs, one with slits and one with pictures. Some phenakistosopes only had one disc with slits in it, so you world have to stand in front of a mirror and look through the slits to see the animation. 

The phenakistoscope is used on a spinning disc attached vertically to a handle. Around the disc's center is a series of drawings showing phases of the animation and a series of equally spaced radial slits. You would spin the disc and look through the moving slits at the disc's reflection in the mirror, the scanning of the slits across the reflected images kept the from blurring together, so the images would appear as a single moving picture.

Kinetoscope

Thomas Edison and William Dickson created the kinetoscope in 1897.
The Kinetoscope was an early motion picture exhibition device that was designed for films to be viewed by one person at a time, looking through the peephole window at the top of the Kinetoscope.
In the Kinetoscope, a strip of film is passed rapidly between the lens and the light bulb. Behind the peephole was a spinning wheel with a narrow slit that acted like a shutter, allowing a quick view of each of the frames passing in front of the shutter every second.

Mutoscope

Invented by Winsor McCay, later patented by Herman Casler  in 1894.
Mutoscope was also an early motion picture device, it is cheaper and similar to the Kinetoscope. It worked the same way as flip book, instead of being a booklet, the cards were attached to a circular core. The cards were lit electrically, also the reel was driven by an hand crank. Only one person at a time could look through it by looking through the enclosed lens whilst turning the hand crank.

Persistence of vision

Persistence of vision 

The persistence of vision is an optical illusion where multiple individual images blend into a single image in the human mind, tricking the mind to believe its a single image, it's an optical illusion.

Stop Motion Pixilation

The technique we used was stop motion- pixilation, we had to do a 10 second animation which is 12 images per second, so total of 120 images. The file format is H.264=MP4. Onion skin is when you take the photo, theres an ghost image of that photo you know where to move for the next photo. The guy in the video is Declan. 

example of animation

Big Hero 6- Robot Fight